What is diabetes?

Diabetes Overview

Diabetes is a chronic (long-term) health condition that affects the way your body converts food into energy.

Your body breaks down most of the food you eat into sugar (glucose) and releases it into your bloodstream. When your blood sugar levels rise, it signals your pancreas to release insulin. Insulin acts as a key to allowing blood sugar to enter your body's cells to be used for energy.

With diabetes, your body doesn't make enough insulin or doesn't use it as well as it should. When there is not enough insulin, or when cells stop responding to insulin, too much blood sugar remains in the bloodstream. Over time, this can lead to serious health problems like heart disease, vision loss, and kidney disease. Cure for diabetes, but losing weight, eating healthy foods, and staying active can really help. Other things you can do to help.

• Take medication as prescribed.
• Get training and support on diabetes self-management.
• Arranging and keeping medical appointments.
• More than 37 million US adults facing death in the United States.
• Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney failure, lower limb amputations and blindness in adults.
• In the last 20 years, the number of adults with diabetes has more than doubled.

History of Diabetes

More than 3,000 years ago, the ancient Egyptians mentioned what appeared to be type 1 diabetes, characterized by excessive urination, thirst and weight loss.

As the natural course of diabetes, the tendency for the disease to get worse and for complications to occur develop Reflects the underlying loss of β-cell function, which is due in part to glucotoxicity. Treatment that normalizes glucose levels should help preserve β-cell function.

The term "diabetes" was first coined by Araetus of Cappodocia (AD 81-133). Later the word mellitus (honey-sweet) was added by Thomas Willis (Britain) in 1675 after he rediscovered the sweetness of the urine and blood of patients (first observed by the ancient Indians).Before insulin was discovered in 1921, people with diabetes didn't live very long; The doctors couldn't do much for her. The most effective treatment has been to put diabetics on very strict diets with minimal carbohydrate intake. That might buy the patients a few more years, but it couldn't save them.

Types of Diabetes

There are three main types of diabetes: Type 1 Diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes, and Gestational Diabetes (diabetes while pregnant).

Type 1 Diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is believed to be caused by an autoimmune reaction (the body mistakenly attacks itself). This reaction keeps your body from producing insulin. About 5 to 10% of people with diabetes have type 1 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes symptoms often develop quickly. It is usually diagnosed in children, adolescents, and young adults. If you have type 1 diabetes, you need to take insulin every day to survive. Currently nobody knows how to prevent type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes occurs when your immune system, the body's infection-fighting system, attacks and destroys the beta cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Scientists believe that type 1 diabetes is caused by genes and environmental factors such as viruses that could trigger the disease.

Type 2 Diabetes

With kind 2 diabetes, your frame doesn’t use insulin properly and can’t maintain blood sugar at ordinary levels. About 90-95% of humans with diabetes have kind 2. It develops over a few years and is commonly identified in adults (however increasingly in children, teens, and younger adults). You won't note any symptoms, so it’s crucial to get your blood sugar examined if you’re at risk. Type 2 diabetes may be avoided or behind schedule with healthful life-style changes, such as:

1. Losing weight.
2. Eating healthy food.
3. Being active.

Type 2 Diabetes may be inherited and is related for your own circle of relative’s records and genetics; however environmental elements additionally play a role. Not anyone with a own circle of relatives records of kind 2 diabetes gets it, however you are much more likely to expand it if a figure or sibling has it.

Gestational Diabetes

Gestational diabetes develops in pregnant ladies who've in no way had diabetes. If you've got got gestational diabetes, your infant will be at better threat for fitness problems. Gestational diabetes generally is going away after your infant is born. However, it will increase your threat for kind 2 diabetes later in life. Your infant is much more likely to have weight problems as a baby or youngster ager and increase kind 2 diabetes later in life.

Prediabetes

In the United States, ninety six million adults greater than 1 in 3 have prediabetes. More than eight in 10 of them don’t realize they have got it. With prediabetes, blood sugar stages are better than normal, however now no longer excessive sufficient for a kind 2 diabetes diagnosis. Prediabetes increases your chance for kind 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and stroke. But there’s appropriate news. If you've got prediabetes, a CDC-diagnosed life-style alternate application will let you take healthful steps to opposite it.

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